Research Study Repository
Research synthesis is AI-generated, human reviewed. Updated 05/2026.
Showing 91 - 120 of 224 results
LLMS4ALL: A Review On Large Language Models For Research And Applications In Academic Disciplines
Yanfang (Fanny) Ye*, Zheyuan Zhang, Tianyi Ma, Zehong Wang, Yiyang Li, Shifu Hou, Weixiang Sun, Kaiwen Shi, Yijun Ma, Wei Song, Ahmed Abbasi, Ying Cheng, Jane Cleland-Huang, Steven Corcelli, Robert Goulding, Ming Hu, Ting Hua, John Lalor, Fang Liu, Tengfei Luo, Ed Maginn, Nuno Moniz, Jason Rohr, Brett Savoie, Daniel Slate, Tom Stapleford, Matthew Webber, Olaf Wiest, Johnny Zhang, Nitesh V Chawla. (09/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Instructional Materials, Teaching – Assessment and Feedback, Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student, Educator
Which age? Elementary (PK5), Middle School (6-8), High School (9-12), Adult
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation, Outcomes – Durable Skills
Study design: Systematic ReviewComparing RAG and GraphRAG for Page-Level Retrieval Question Answering on Math Textbook
Eason Chen, Chuangji Li, Shizhuo Li, Zimo Xiao, Jionghao Lin, Kenneth R. Koedinger. (09/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student
Which age? Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Technical – ComputationalGenerative AI alone may not be enough: Evaluating AI Support for Learning Mathematical Proof
Eason Chen, Sophia Judicke, Kayla Beigh, Xinyi Tang, Zimo Xiao, Chuangji Li, Shizhuo Li, Reed Luttmer, Shreya Singh, Maria Yampolsky, Naman Parikh, Yi Zhao, Meiyi Chen, Scarlett Huang, Anishka Mohanty, Gregory Johnson, John Mackey, Jionghao Lin, Ken Koedinger. (09/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Assessment and Feedback, Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student
Which age? Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation, Outcomes – Social Emotional, Outcomes – Durable Skills
Study design: Impact – Randomized Controlled Trial, Quantitative – OthersGen AI In Proof-Based Math Courses: A Pilot Study
Hannah Klawa, Shraddha Rajpal, Cigole Thomas. (09/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student
Which age? Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Durable Skills, Other
Study design: Descriptive – Implementation and Use, Quantitative – OthersMathBuddy: A Multimodal System for Affective Math Tutoring
Debanjana Kar, Leopold B¬öss, Dacia Braca, Sebastian Maximilian Dennerlein, Nina Christine Hubig, Philipp Wintersberger, Yufang Hou. (08/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student
Which age? High School (9-12), Post-Secondary, Adult
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Social Emotional
Study design: Descriptive – Product Development, Technical – Computational, Quantitative – OthersWho Is Lagging Behind: Profiling Student Behaviors with Graph-Level Encoding in Curriculum-Based Online Learning Systems
Qian Xiao, Conn Breathnach, Ioana Ghergulescu, Conor O'Sullivan, Keith Johnston, Vincent Wade. (08/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Assessment and Feedback, Analyzing
Who is the user? Educator
Which age? Elementary (PK5), Middle School (6-8), High School (9-12), Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Descriptive – Product Development, Technical – ComputationalMAB Optimizer for Estimating Math Question Difficulty via Inverse CV without NLP
Surajit Das, Gourav Roy, Aleksei Eliseev, Ram Kumar Rajendran. (08/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Assessment and Feedback, Analyzing
Who is the user?
Which age? Middle School (6-8), High School (9-12), Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Technical – ComputationalExplainable AI for Predicting and Understanding Mathematics Achievement: A Cross-National Analysis of PISA 2018
Liu Liu, Dai Rui. (08/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Analyzing
Who is the user?
Which age? High School (9-12)
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Technical – Computational, Quantitative – OthersAlvorada-Bench: Can Language Models Solve Brazilian University Entrance Exams?
Henrique Godoy. (08/2025). arXiv.
What is the application?
Who is the user?
Which age? Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Literacy, Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Other Academic
Study design: Technical – ComputationalMathematical Computation and Reasoning Errors by Large Language Models
Liang Zhang, Edith Aurora Graf. (08/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Assessment and Feedback, Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student, Educator
Which age? Middle School (6-8), High School (9-12), Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Technical – ComputationalAryabhata: An exam-focused language model for JEE Math
Ritvik Rastogi, Sachin Dharashivkar, Sandeep Varma. (08/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Learning – Student Support
Who is the user?
Which age? High School (9-12), Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Technical – ComputationalCODAE: Adapting Large Language Models for Education via Chain-of-Thought Data Augmentation
Shuzhou Yuan, William LaCroix, Hardik Ghoshal, Ercong Nie, Michael FŠrber. (08/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student
Which age? High School (9-12), Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Other Academic, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Technical – ComputationalAutomated Generation Of Curriculum-Aligned Multiple-Choice Questions For Malaysian Secondary Mathematics Using Generative AI
Rohaizah Abdul Wahid, Muhamad Said Nizamuddin Nadim, Suliana Sulaiman, Syahmi Akmal Shaharudin, Muhammad Danial Jupikil, Iqqwan Jasman Su Azlan Su. (08/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Assessment and Feedback
Who is the user? Educator
Which age? Middle School (6-8)
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Technical – ComputationalFrom Answers to Questions: EQGBench for Evaluating LLMs' Educational Question Generation
Chengliang Zhou, Mei Wang, Ting Zhang, Qiannan Zhu, Jian Li, Hua Huang. (08/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Instructional Materials
Who is the user? Student, Parent/Caregiver, Educator
Which age? Middle School (6-8)
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Other Academic, Outcomes – Durable Skills
Study design: Technical – ComputationalA Mixed User-Centered Approach to Enable Augmented Intelligence in Intelligent Tutoring Systems: The Case of MathAlde app
Guilherme Guerino, Luiz Rodrigues, Luana Bianchini, Mariana Alves, Marcelo Marinho, Thomaz Veloso, Valmir Macario, Diego Dermeval, Thales Vieira, Ig Bittencourt, Seiji Isotani. (08/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Assessment and Feedback, Analyzing
Who is the user? Educator
Which age? Elementary (PK5)
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Descriptive – Implementation and Use, Descriptive – Product Development, Quantitative – OthersWhat counts as evidence in AI & ED: Towards Science-for-Policy 3.0
Ilkka Tuomi. (08/2025). European Journal of Education Policy and Practice.
What is the application? Teaching – Instructional Materials, Teaching – Assessment and Feedback, Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student, Educator
Which age? Elementary (PK5), Middle School (6-8), High School (9-12), Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Other Academic, Outcomes – Differentiation, Outcomes – Durable Skills, Reimagined Schooling
Study design: Systematic ReviewPersonalized Education with Ranking Alignment Recommendation
Haipeng Liu, Yuxuan Liu, Ting Long. (07/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student
Which age? Elementary (PK5), Middle School (6-8), High School (9-12)
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Technical – ComputationalBeyond Agreement: Rethinking Ground Truth in Educational AI Annotation
Danielle R. Thomas, Conrad Borchers, Kenneth R. Koedinger. (07/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Assessment and Feedback, Teaching – Professional Learning
Who is the user? Educator, Others
Which age? Middle School (6-8), Adult
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Literacy, Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Other Academic, Outcomes – Social Emotional, Other
Study design: Technical – ComputationalDecoding Instructional Dialogue: Human-AI Collaborative Analysis of Teacher Use of AI Tool at Scale
Alex Liu, Lief Esbenshade, Shawon Sarkar, Victor Tian, Zachary Zhang, Kevin He, Min Sun. (07/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Instructional Materials, Teaching – Assessment and Feedback, Teaching – Professional Learning, Learning – Student Support, Communicating / Social Tools, Organizing
Who is the user? Educator
Which age? Elementary (PK5), Middle School (6-8), High School (9-12), Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Literacy, Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Other Academic, Outcomes – Differentiation, Outcomes – Durable Skills, Reimagined Schooling
Study design: Descriptive – Implementation and Use, Descriptive – Product Development, Technical – Computational, Quantitative – OthersA Comprehensive Review of AI-based Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Applications and Challenges
Meriem Zerkouk, Miloud Mihoubi, Belkacem Chikhaoui. (07/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Instructional Materials, Teaching – Assessment and Feedback, Learning – Student Support, Analyzing
Who is the user? Student, Educator
Which age? Elementary (PK5), Middle School (6-8), High School (9-12), Post-Secondary, Adult
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Literacy, Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Other Academic, Outcomes – Differentiation, Outcomes – Social Emotional, Outcomes – Durable Skills, Reimagined Schooling, Other
Study design: Systematic ReviewFindings of MEGA: Maths Explanation with LLMs using the Socratic Method for Active Learning
Tosin Adewumi, Foteini Simistira Liwicki, Marcus Liwicki, Viktor Gardelli, Lama Alkhaled, Hamam Mokayed. (07/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Instructional Materials, Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student
Which age? Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation, Outcomes – Social Emotional, Outcomes – Durable Skills, Reimagined Schooling
Study design: Descriptive – Product Development, Impact – Quasi–experimental, Technical – ComputationalAI-Powered Math Tutoring: Platform for Personalized and Adaptive Education
Jaros_aw A. Chudziak, Adam Kostka. (07/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Instructional Materials, Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student
Which age? Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation, Outcomes – Durable Skills
Study design: Descriptive – Product Development, Technical – ComputationalFindings of the BEA 2025 Shared Task on Pedagogical Ability Assessment of AI-powered Tutors
Ekaterina Kochmar, Kaushal Kumar Maurya, Kseniia Petukhova, KV Aditya Srivatsa, Ana¯s Tack, Justin Vasselli. (07/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student
Which age? Elementary (PK5), Middle School (6-8), High School (9-12), Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Technical – ComputationalExploring LLMs for Predicting Tutor Strategy and Student Outcomes in Dialogues
Fareya Ikram, Alexander Scarlatos, Andrew Lan. (07/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Analyzing
Who is the user?
Which age? Middle School (6-8), High School (9-12)
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy
Study design: Technical – ComputationalConfucius3-Math: A Lightweight High-Performance Reasoning LLM for Chinese K-12 Mathematics Learning
Lixin Wu, Na Cai, Qiao Cheng, Jiachen Wang, Yitao Duan. (06/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Teaching – Instructional Materials, Teaching – Assessment and Feedback, Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student, Educator
Which age? Elementary (PK5), Middle School (6-8), High School (9-12)
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Numeracy, Reimagined Schooling
Study design: Descriptive – Product Development, Technical – Computational"Check My Work?" Measuring Sycophancy in a Simulated Educational Context
Chuck Arvin. (06/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student
Which age? High School (9-12), Post-Secondary
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Other Academic, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Technical – ComputationalRETUYT-INCO at BEA 2025 Shared Task: How Far Can Lightweight Models Go in AI-powered Tutor Evaluation?
Santiago G—ngora, Ignacio Sastre, Santiago Robaina, Ignacio Remersaro, Luis Chiruzzo, Aiala Ros‡. (06/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Analyzing
Who is the user? Others
Which age?
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Numeracy
Study design: Technical – ComputationalEducators' Perceptions of Large Language Models as Tutors: Comparing Human and AI Tutors in a Blind Text-only Setting
Sankalan Pal Chowdhury, Terry Jingchen Zhang, Donya Rooein, Dirk Hovy, Tanja Kasser, Mrinmaya Sachan. (06/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Educator
Which age? Elementary (PK5)
Why use AI? Efficiency, Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Quantitative – OthersSimClass: A Classroom Speech Dataset Generated via Game Engine Simulation For Automatic Speech Recognition Research
Ahmed Adel Attia, Jing Liu, Carol Espy-Wilson. (06/2025). arXiv.
What is the application?
Who is the user?
Which age? Elementary (PK5), Middle School (6-8)
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Other Academic
Study design: Technical – ComputationalIntent Matters: Enhancing AI Tutoring with Fine-Grained Pedagogical Intent Annotation
Kseniia Petukhova, Ekaterina Kochmar. (06/2025). arXiv.
What is the application? Learning – Student Support
Who is the user? Student
Which age? Middle School (6-8), High School (9-12)
Why use AI? Outcomes – Numeracy, Outcomes – Differentiation
Study design: Technical – Computational
