Date
Publisher
arXiv
This study conducts a comparative analysis of national policies on Generative AI across four countries: China, Japan, Mongolia, and the USA. Employing the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) method, it examines the responses of these nations to Generative AI in higher education settings, scrutinizing the diversity in their approaches within this group. While all four countries exhibit a positive attitude toward Generative AI in higher education, Japan and the USA prioritize a human-centered approach and provide direct guidance in teaching and learning. In contrast, China and Mongolia prioritize national security concerns, with their guidelines focusing more on the societal level rather than being specifically tailored to education. Additionally, despite all four countries emphasizing diversity, equity, and inclusion, they consistently fail to clearly discuss or implement measures to address the digital divide. By offering a comprehensive comparative analysis of attitudes and policies regarding Generative AI in higher education across these countries, this study enriches existing literature and provides policymakers with a global perspective, ensuring that policies in this domain promote inclusion rather than exclusion.
Study at a glance
- Question: How do national policies on generative AI in education differ across China, Japan, Mongolia, and the United States?
- Setting and data: National policy documents, government guidelines, and websites from China, Japan, Mongolia, and the United States, published between 2021 and April 2024.
- Method: Comparative policy analysis (Qualitative Comparative Analysis)
Why it matters
National and institutional responses to generative AI vary widely. Because dominant technologies require vast resources, examining how different nations adapt educational policies is needed to ensure AI promotes inclusion rather than exclusion.
Key findings
- All four countries show positive attitudes toward generative AI, but Japan and the United States emphasize human-centered approaches while China and Mongolia prioritize national security.
- Guidelines in Japan and the United States directly target teaching and learning, whereas China focuses broadly on societal-level regulation and Mongolia focuses on general digital development.
- Although all four nations emphasize diversity, equity, and inclusion, none clearly discuss or implement policy measures to address the digital divide.
Summary drafted with AI from the full paper and may contain errors. See the full paper for details.
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