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CO-OPERA: A Human-AI Collaborative Playwriting Tool to Support Creative Storytelling for Interdisciplinary Drama Education

Authors
Xuejiao Ma,
Haibo Zhao,
Zinuo Guo,
Yijie Guo,
Guanhong Liu,
Bo Jiang
Date
Publisher
arXiv
Link
http://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.00791v1
Drama-in-education is an interdisciplinary instructional approach that integrates subjects such as language, history, and psychology. Its core component is playwriting. Based on need-finding interviews of 13 teachers, we found that current general-purpose AI tools cannot effectively assist teachers and students during playwriting. Therefore, we propose CO-OPERA - a collaborative playwriting tool integrating generative artificial intelligence capabilities. In CO-OPERA, users can both expand their thinking through discussions with a tutor and converge their thinking by operating agents to generate script elements. Additionally, the system allows for iterative modifications and regenerations based on user requirements. A system usability test conducted with middle school students shows that our CO-OPERA helps users focus on whole logical narrative development during playwriting. Our playwriting examples and raw data for qualitative and quantitative analysis are available at https://github.com/daisyinb612/CO-OPERA.
Study at a glance
  • Question: How can a generative AI tool support middle school students in playwriting for drama education?
  • Setting and data: 13 teachers and middle school students.
  • Method: Teacher interviews and a system usability test.
Why it matters

Playwriting is the core component of interdisciplinary drama education. However, current general-purpose AI tools cannot effectively assist teachers and students during playwriting.

Key findings
  • In a usability test with middle school students, a collaborative AI playwriting tool helped users focus on developing complete, logical narratives.
  • Interviews with 13 teachers revealed that existing general-purpose AI tools cannot effectively assist educators and students during playwriting.
  • The specialized tool enabled users to brainstorm with an AI tutor, generate specific script elements, and iteratively revise their writing.

Summary drafted with AI from the paper’s abstract and may contain errors. See the full paper for details.

What is the application?
Learning – Student Support
Who is the user?
Student,
Educator
Who age?
Middle School (6-8),
High School (9-12)
Why use AI?
Outcomes – Literacy,
Outcomes – Durable Skills,
Other
Study design
Descriptive – Implementation and Use,
Descriptive – Product Development,
Quantitative – Others
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