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Outcomes – Differentiation
Research synthesis is AI-generated, human reviewed. Updated 05/2026.
Displaying 1 - 30 of 777
Making AI Tutoring Productive: Evidence from a Mastery-Based Math Practice Experiment
Philip Oreopoulos, Michael Liut, Alp Sungu, Nina Low. (08/2026). NBER. https://www.nber.org/papers/w35621?utm_campaign=ntwh&utm_medium=email&utm_sourc…
One Click Away: AI Tutoring with Khanmigo in a Two-Year School Experiment
Philip Oreopoulos, Nina Low. (08/2026). NBER. https://www.nber.org/papers/w35620
Can AI deliver appropriate support for diverse student profiles?: A large-scale evaluation
Sonsoles López-Pernas, Eduardo Oliveira, Kamila Misiejuk, Fitsum Gizachew Deriba, Rogers Kaliisa, Mohammed Saqr. (08/2026). Computers in Human Behavior: Artifical Humans. https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/783247/1-s2.0-S2949882126X20023/1-s2.0-S294…
The Theoretical Foundation Of Socratic Tests: Dynamic, Multimodal, Conversational Examinations
Ilya Mikhelson. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.29624v1
Human-LLM Collaborative Inductive Coding For Conceptualizing K-12 Educator AI Use
Alex Liu, Min Sun, Lief Esbenshade, Michael Xiao, Victor Tian, Zachary Zhang, Kevin He. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28889v1
Student Perceptions And Preferences Regarding AI-Generated Instructional Videos In Computing Education
Esse Ciego, Shubbhi Taneja, Wilson Wong, Amanpreet Kapoor. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28203v1
The Agency Gap In AI-Supported Writing: How Reactive And Proactive Agent Designs Shape Multimodal Reasoning
Yueqiao Jin, Kaixun Yang, Roberto Martinez-Maldonado, Dragan Gasevic, Lixiang Yan. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04398v3
Designing Needs- And Attention-Aware AI Learning Tools For Engineering Education: Insights From Psychological Outcomes
Kevin Zhongyang Shao, Denise Wilson, Yale Quan, Sep Makhsous. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.26338v1
A Framework For Developing University Policies On Generative AI Governance: A Cross-National Comparative Study
Ming Li, Qin Xie, Ariunaa Enkhtur, Shuoyang Meng, Lilan Chen, Beverley Anne Yamamoto, Fei Cheng, Masayuki Murakami. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.02636v3
Teachy Mini: Development And Preliminary Evaluation Of A Knowledge-Based Generative Social Robot For Higher Education
Stephan Vonschallen, Karim Kaufmann, Dominique Oberle, Friederike Eyssel, Theresa Schmiedel. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.22345v1
Generative AI And Agency In Education: A Critical Scoping Review And Thematic Analysis
Jasper Roe, Mike Perkins. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.00631v2
From Novelty To Normalisation: Tracking Changing Perceptions Of AI In Higher Education, 2024-2026
Juliana Gerard, Morgan Macleod, Kelly Norwood, Aisling Reid, Muskaan Singh. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.16223v2
Generative AI Can Harm Teaching
Alp Sungu, Benjamin Lira, Angela L. Duckworth. (07/2026). SSRN. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=7007339
Using AI-Based Learning Assistants In Higher Education: A Large-Scale Descriptive Analysis
Kristina Schaaff, Quintus Stierstorfer, Valerie Hekkel. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.08748v2
A Comparative Analysis Of Institutional And Course Generative AI Policies Within Higher Education: Implications For Instruction In Computing Education
Amrita Ganguly, Aditya Johri, Nora McDonald, Areej Ali, Umama Dewan, Aayushi Hingle Collier. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.12296v1
Co-Designing Digital Humans For Online Learning: A Framework For Human-AI Pedagogical Integration
Xiaokang Leil, Ching Christie Pang, Yuyang Jiang, Xin Tong, and Pan Hui. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.17434v2
The Paternalistic Filter: Epistemic Injustice And Differential Refusal In LLM-Mediated History Education For Marginalized Romanian Students
Alexis Popovici, Andrei Ionascu, Adrian Marius Dumitran. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.11292v1
Learning In Blocks: A Multi Agent Debate Assisted Personalized Adaptive Learning Framework For Language Learning
Nicy Scaria, Silvester John Joseph Kennedy, Deepak Subramani. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.22770v2
Learning Behavior Accounts For Background-Related Advantage In AI-Assisted Education
Jingwei Yi, Yueqi Xie, Jiyan He, Rui Ye, Junming Huang, Bin Zhu, Sean Rintel, Yu Xie, Xing Xie, Fangzhao Wu. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.10101v1
Evidence-Decision-Feedback: Theory-Driven Adaptive Scaffolding For LLM Agents
Clayton Cohn, Siyuan Guo, Surya Rayala, Hanchen David Wang, Naveeduddin Mohammed, Umesh Timalsina, Shruti Jain, Angela Eeds, Menton Deweese, Pamela J. Osborn Popp, Rebekah Stanton, Shakeera Walker, Meiyi Ma, Gautam Biswas. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.01415v5
Indirect And Direct AI Scaffolding For Computational Problem Posing: A Pilot Experience Report
Shayla Sharmin, Mohammad Fahim Abrar, Mohammad Al-Ratrout, Roghayeh Leila Barmaki. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.09628v1
When LLM Tutoring Responses Work: Evidence From Student Programming Conversations
Mohammad Fahim Abrar, Shyala Sharmin, Roghayeh Leila Barmaki. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.09919v1
Knowledge-Based Design Requirements For Generative Social Robots In Higher Education
S. Vonschallen, D. Oberle, T. Schmiedel, F. Eyssel. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.12873v5
Developing An LLM-Based Feedback System Grounded In Evidence-Centered Design To Support Physics Problem Solving
Holger Maus, Fabian Kieser, Stefan Petersen, Peter Wulff, Paul Tschisgale. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.10785v3
AIED's Unfinished Mission: Centering Agency And Motivation In The Age Of Effortless Bypass
H. Chad Lane. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.05557v1
Deanllm: A Framework For Automated Quality Review Of AI-Generated Feedback
Keyang Qian, Yixin Cheng, Rui Guan, Wei Dai, Flora Ji-Yoon Jin, Kaixun Yang, Sadia Nawaz, Zachari Swiecki, Guanliang Chen, Lixiang Yan, Dragan Gasevic. (07/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05952v2
Let’s Chat: Leveraging Chatbot Outreach for Improved Course Performance
Katharine E. Meyer, Lindsay C. Page, Catherine Mata, Eric Smith, Brendan Tyler Walsh, Candice L. Fifield, Michelle Tyson, Amy E. Eremionkhale, Michael Evans, Shelby Frost, Eye Eoun Jung. (07/2026). NBER. https://www.nber.org/papers/w35397?utm_campaign=ntwh&utm_medium=email&utm_sourc…
Exploring The Value Of Diverse LLM Explanations In Introductory Programming
Seth Bernstein, Paul Denny, Juho Leinonen, Kush Patel, Rayhona Nasimova, Matt Littlefield, Stephen MacNeil. (06/2026). arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.28882v1
